How to Check Your Breasts for Early Signs
Knowing how to check your breasts is one of the most powerful steps you can take for your health. Breast self-examination (BSE) helps you become familiar with how your breasts normally look and feel — so you can quickly notice any unusual changes. It’s simple, free, and takes only a few minutes each month.
When to Check Your Breasts
For the best results, do your self-exam about 3–5 days after your period ends, when your breasts are least likely to be swollen or tender. If you no longer have periods, choose a specific day each month (for example, the first of every month) to make it a regular habit.
Step 1: Look at Your Breasts in the Mirror
Stand undressed from the waist up in front of a mirror with your shoulders straight and your arms on your hips. Observe the overall size, shape, and color of your breasts. Check for:
- Visible lumps or swelling
- Dimpling or puckering of the skin
- Changes in nipple position or shape
- Redness, rash, or any discharge
Step 2: Raise Your Arms and Look Again
Raise both arms above your head and look for the same signs. Sometimes, changes are more noticeable when the arms are lifted.
Step 3: Check for Fluid or Discharge
Gently squeeze each nipple to see if there’s any discharge — watery, milky, or bloody. If you notice any fluid that isn’t breast milk, schedule an appointment with your doctor right away.
Step 4: Feel Your Breasts While Lying Down
Lie down and place a pillow under your right shoulder. Use your left hand to examine your right breast. Use the pads of your three middle fingers (not the tips) and move them in small, gentle circles.
Cover the entire breast from top to bottom and side to side — from your collarbone to the top of your abdomen, and from your armpit to your cleavage. Use light, medium, and firm pressure to feel all layers of the breast.
Step 5: Feel Your Breasts While Standing or Sitting
Many women find it easiest to do this step in the shower. With your fingers flat, move around each breast in small circular motions, covering the entire area. Wet, soapy skin helps your fingers glide more smoothly, making it easier to feel any lumps or thickened areas.
What to Do if You Find a Lump
Don’t panic. Most breast lumps are not cancerous — they may be due to hormonal changes, cysts, or benign growths. However, you should still see a healthcare provider to rule out anything serious. Your doctor may recommend an ultrasound or mammogram to investigate further.
Tips for Success
- Do your self-exam at the same time each month.
- Use a mirror and good lighting for better visibility.
- Be familiar — not fearful — of your body.
- Encourage your sisters and friends to do the same!
Key Message
Early detection saves lives. By taking a few minutes each month to check your breasts, you’re giving yourself the gift of awareness. Remember: knowing what’s normal for your body helps you notice what’s not.
References
- World Health Organization. (2023). Breast Cancer: Early Detection and Awareness.
- American Cancer Society. (2023). How to Perform a Breast Self-Exam.
- Cancer Research UK. (2023). Breast Self-Examination Guide.
- National Cancer Control Programme Nigeria. (2022). Community Breast Health Education Toolkit.